BESS (Battery Energy Storage System) is a battery energy storage system that integrates batteries, power electronics, and control systems into a single solution. Its main function is to store energy from the electrical grid or renewable sources, such as solar and wind, for later use in a strategic and efficient manner.
BESS can act as an alternative energy source, guaranteeing supply in cases of grid failures, as well as allowing for better use of renewable generation by storing surpluses for use during periods of higher energy demand.
More than just a set of batteries, BESS incorporates software and hardware systems that control, monitor, and optimize energy flow, contributing to grid stability, reduced power outages, and greater reliability of the electrical system.
In this way, BESS systems contribute significantly to the stability and resilience of the power grids to which they are connected, helping to increase the resilience of the electrical system.
Classification of BESS Systems by Market: Utility, C&I, and Residential
BESS systems can be applied across different market scales, depending on client size, energy volume, and project objectives. Commercially, these solutions are classified into three main segments: Utility Scale, C&I (Commercial & Industrial) and Residential. Each category caters to specific needs and offers distinct strategic benefits.
BESS Utility Scale
BESS Utility Scale systems are high-capacity solutions designed to meet the needs of power utilities, large solar and wind farms, and electrical system operators. They are applied in large-scale projects, focusing on:
- Stabilization of the electrical grid;
- Frequency and voltage control;
- Storage of surplus renewable energy generation;
- Power supply during peak hours;
- Increased reliability of the electrical system.
These projects utilize modular containerized structures, a high level of automation, and direct integration with network operation centers, and are considered strategic investments for the modernization of energy infrastructure.
BESS C&I (Commercial and Industrial)
The C&I (Commercial & Industrial) segment represents one of the most attractive applications of BESS from a commercial and economic standpoint. It serves companies, industries, hospitals, shopping malls, data centers, logistics centers, and large energy consumers. In this market, BESS is primarily used for:
- Reduce electricity costs (peak shaving and tariff arbitrage);
- Increase the utilization of locally generated solar energy;
- Ensure power backup for critical operations;
- To reduce the impact of network outages or fluctuations;
- Control the export of energy to the utility company, when necessary.
This type of solution offers a direct financial return, as well as greater energy security for the business, making it a strategic investment for companies seeking operational efficiency and cost predictability.
BESS Residential
BESS residential systems are aimed at end users who want greater energy independence in their homes. They are compact and integrated solutions that allow:
- To store solar energy for nighttime use;
- To ensure backup power in case of power outages;
- Reduce dependence on the electricity grid;
- To increase the comfort and energy security of the residence.
This segment is growing rapidly, driven by the search for savings on energy bills, sustainability, and greater consumer independence.
What is simply ESS without the "B"?
ESS refers to Energy Storage System. The difference between ESS (Energy Storage System) and BESS (Battery Energy Storage System) is that ESS is a more comprehensive term that encompasses any energy storage technology, including batteries, but also other forms such as pumped hydroelectric storage, thermal storage, mechanical and chemical storage.
BESS refers specifically to systems that use batteries to store electrical energy. Therefore, every BESS is a type of ESS, but not every ESS is a BESS.
The main components of BESS C&I
Classification of components
Battery Pack
They represent the central element of these systems, where energy is stored. There are several types, and the most common technologies for storing renewable energy include: Lithium-ion batteries, which have high energy density and long durability, and Flow batteries, which stand out for their extended lifespan and are generally more suitable for large installations.
BMS (Battery Management System) – Battery management system
It is responsible for monitoring the charge and discharge status of each battery, controlling the temperature, and ensuring that the system operates safely and efficiently.
PCS (Power Conversion System) – Power conversion system
It is a central module in energy storage systems, allowing both DC-AC and AC-DC energy conversion, which basically controls the flow of charging and discharging batteries. In other words, it supports bidirectional conversion, allowing energy to be stored or injected into the grid.
Although it resembles a solar inverter, the PCS is more versatile because, in addition to converting energy, it also controls the charging and discharging of batteries, and can be adapted to different application scenarios, from homes to large power plants.
EMS (Energy Management System) – Energy management system
It acts as the core of the system, being responsible for monitoring, supervising, and regulating the flow of energy between equipment and storage systems (batteries). The EMS coordinates the interaction between the different BMS, PCS, and other auxiliary components, implementing the control policies that define the operational purpose of the system, such as zero export, demand control, peak shaving, and other energy optimization strategies.
Auxiliary systems
BESS systems include auxiliary systems that support the safe and efficient operation of the system. These systems are responsible for communication between equipment, allowing for monitoring and supervision of operation, as well as providing electrical protection and safety, identifying faults and abnormal conditions.
They also include fire protection and temperature control systems, which keep batteries and equipment within proper operating conditions, contributing to the reliability and lifespan of the system.
Where can it be used and what are its advantages?
Energy storage systems undoubtedly bring a number of advantages. Although some of them have already been mentioned, we highlight below the main benefits of BESS.
This system enables savings by allowing energy storage during periods of lower tariffs for use during periods of higher tariffs, offers flexibility in managing energy demand, and functions as a reserve system, ensuring grid stability even in the face of peak demand.
BESS systems promote the integration of a greater amount of renewable energy into the electricity grid, ensuring its stability even in the face of rapid and unexpected variations in generation.
In summary, BESS systems play an important role in the quality of electrical energy, and furthermore, they optimize the use of renewable energy, reducing dependence on fossil fuels.
Auxsol Solution
Auxsol, a manufacturer of energy solutions, has in its portfolio all the aforementioned C&I, Utility Scale, and Residential systems. Currently, the company has BESS (Battery Energy Storage System) models developed and tested at its headquarters in China, which, after approval by the relevant authorities, will be available to the Brazilian market.
Auxsol's storage systems are recognized for their exceptional efficiency, providing customers with maximum energy utilization. Furthermore, the systems allow for self-consumption, are ideal for diverse applications, and provide backup, offering peace of mind in case of power outages.
Auxsol stands out in the market for its technological innovation and commitment to sustainability, guaranteeing high-quality products and reliable performance.
References
- IBERDROLA. Energy storage. The challenge of efficient energy storage. 2024. Available at: https://www.iberdrola.com/quem-somos/nossa-atividade/armazenamento-energia/bessAccessed on: September 02, 2024
- MOURA, M. Where there is solar energy, there is Moura. 2019. Available at: http://www.tec.abinee.org.br/2019/arquivos/e4171.pdf Accessed on: September 02, 2024
- NEOSOLAR. Photovoltaic Solar Energy. 2023. Available at: https://www.neosolar.com.br/sistema-bess-armazenamento-energia Accessed on: September 02, 2024
- SOLOVEV, Andrey. BESS: A solution for proactive energy management. 2021. Available at: https://www.digikey.com.br/pt/articles/bess-a-solution-to-manage-energy-proactively Accessed on: September 02, 2024
You might be interested!
Auxsol expands portfolio with solutions in inverters, batteries and electric mobility
The opinions and information expressed are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position of the author. Canal Solar.
