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Renewable energy grows in the OECD, but coal gains ground again

Clean energy production, which includes solar, wind and hydroelectric power, totaled 358,7 TWh in the month, an increase of 4,5%

Source: Canva

Electricity generation from renewable sources began to grow again among OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries in March 2025, confirming a recovery trend after fluctuations in previous years. 

According to data released by the IEA (International Energy Agency), clean energy production, which includes solar, wind and hydroelectric, totaled 358,7 TWh in the month, an increase of 4,5% compared to March 2024. 

The growth was driven mainly by the expansion of solar energy, which increased by 28,8% in one year, equivalent to an additional 18,9 TWh. On the other hand, fossil fuels continue to account for a significant share of the OECD's electricity mix. 

In March, these sources accounted for 392,9 TWh, or 43,2% of total generation, with a slight increase of 1,2% year-on-year. This data is particularly noteworthy due to the growth in the use of coal, which increased by 8,7% (up 10,7 TWh), offsetting the decline observed in the use of natural gas, whose generation fell by 2,6%.

The 6,6% (or -8,8 TWh) drop in hydroelectric production prevented renewables from performing even better. The decline was most pronounced in Europe, particularly in France, Italy, Switzerland and Turkey – countries that faced less favorable climate conditions for hydroelectric generation. 

Even so, the growth of solar energy and the slight increase in wind generation (+3,1%, +3,5 TWh) contributed to maintaining the positive trajectory of clean generation. 

The nuclear sector also recorded growth of 4,8% (up 7,0 TWh), with a highlight on the performance of plants in Europe and Asia-Oceania. In the first quarter, nuclear production grew 16,5% in Asia-Oceania, signaling greater investment in the diversification of the energy matrix in the region.

In the case of coal, the increase in generation was mainly driven by the United States, with growth of 27,3% (+11,1 TWh), and Germany, with an increase of 16,9% (+1,6 TWh). 

The growth partly reflects cyclical factors such as greater demand for energy security and specific climate conditions, but it also raises an alert about the resilience of more polluting sources in times of pressure on the system.

In total, net electricity generation in OECD countries reached 908,7 TWh in March, an increase of 3,1% year-on-year. Year-to-date, the increase was 3,5%.

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Wagner Freire
About the Author
Wagner Freire

Wagner Freire is a journalist graduated from FMU. He worked as a reporter for Jornal da Energia, Canal Energy and Agência Estado. Covering the electricity sector since 2011. Has experience in covering events such as energy auctions, conventions, lectures, fairs, congresses and seminars.

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  • Marcelo

    Congratulations on the report Wagner.
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