In 2022, it is estimated that production and use of energy have corresponded to theaccounts for 24% of Brazilian greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, due to the diversified energy matrix and wide participation of renewable sources.
This information is part of the Environment and Energy Notebook do Ten-Year Energy Expansion Plan (PDE) 2034, published by MME (Ministry of Mines and Energy) and by EPE (Energy Research Company) this Monday (21/10).
The socio-environmental analysis of energy expansion identifies the main challenges and opportunities for the next ten years. Even with the increase in emissions due to the improvement of Brazil's socioeconomic standards until 2034, projection of 2,4 tCO2eq/inhabitant shows that the country's per capita emissions will be low compared to other nations, currently in the order of 5,4 tCO2eq/inhabitant (Europe, OECD) to 13,8 tCO2eq/inhabitant (United States).
In this context, fundamental issues that connect the energy and environment sectors are addressed, with an emphasis, in this PDE cycle, on the challenges of climate change and the fair and inclusive energy transition.
According to the MME, projections for the ten-year horizon indicate that the transport and industry sectors will continue to be the main emitters, representing 68% of sectoral emissions in 2034.
However, there was a low variation in emissions from the transport sector (only a 12% increase between 2024 and 2034), due to advances in public policies aimed at replacing fossil fuels with renewable ones, such as ethanol, biodiesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), in addition to gains in efficiency and motorization and the beginning of the adoption of electrified vehicles.
The study also identified strategic socio-environmental opportunities, such as the use of waste to generate energy, the optimization of existing resources and infrastructures, and the application of sustainable practices and decarbonization strategies in energy projects.
The energy sector's main strategy to mitigate emissions, according to the PDE, is to maintain a high share of renewable sources, in addition to seeking innovative solutions and technologies, aligned with Brazil's potential and the cost-benefit of available alternatives.
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